3,864 research outputs found
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The Euro exchange rate market efficiency and the risk premium: an empirical analysis with an ecm model
The purpose of this work is to investigate the efficiency of the current Euro spot and current forward
exchange rates. Within the past three decades there have been large movements in the exchange rate
markets and often these movements were not related with the changes in the âfundamentalsâ of the
economy. On the other hand, the exchange rate market efficiency implies that, if the market is efficient,
there is no remaining ex ante opportunities for making profits through speculation. Hence, testing for
efficiency involves the joint hypothesis of a specific risk premium and rationality. We analysed the
relationship between spot and forward rates of the Euro against the British pound and the US dollar. For
one of the two exchange rates (EU/UK), we reject the hypothesis of efficiency and a further analysis on
the presence of a risk premium shows that it is consistent and time varying
Inflation Persistance and Credibility in Turkey During the Nineties
This study assesses the credibility of disinflation programs in Turkey during the nineties, where several
programs of reform took place. We investigate the credibility of these policies building on a previous research
made by Agenor and Taylor (1993). The model is based on two assumptions: (i) inflation is a serially correlated
process; (ii) the definition of a proxy that is able to measure the degree of credibility of a programme. The
empirical results show that there was a sharp loss of credibility at the end of the 1991 and at the beginning of
the 1994 and during the Asian crisis. The Program that the Central Bank implemented after the crisis was able
to increase the level of credibility of the CBRT policies. Loss of credibility is registered during the end of the
1995, while various political events took place and during the 1997 following the world economic conditions
and the outflow of capitals
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Efficiency and News in Exchange Rate Market. The Euro/Dollar Case
The aim of the paper is twofold: the first one is to examine the theoretical points that constitute
literature on exchange rate market efficiency. We give a quick look to the long run, in which
high or low efficiency results from the adjustment velocity of prices and production in goods
market. We then go to examine literature conclusions about the short run. The second aim is to
test the efficiency for the US dollar against the Euro foreign exchange market with a `newsâ
exchange rate model using daily data over a period of 19 months. In the model we use, as
proxies of ânewsâ, variables generated by the residuals from a VAR model. Our results are
consistent with the hypothesis that the forward exchange rate is not an unbiased predictor of
the future spot rate. That is, we reject the hypothesis of efficiency and we show the
importance of the ânewsâ in determining short-run movements in the exchange rate markets.
The general conclusion we reach is that the euro dollar exchange rate market, from its birth to
august 2000, is not efficient because expectations could not be rational, i.e. operators cannot
predict risks coming from stock exchange and from uncertainty on future values of economic
variables
Optimal Monetary Policy and the Asset Market: A Non-cooperative Game
In this paper we construct a model of a policy game in order to analyse the optimal reaction function of
the Central Bank to a shock in the asset market. In doing so, we consider three different noncooperative
games: Nash equilibrium, Stackelberg equilibrium with âFEDâ as leader and âECBâ
Stacklberg as leader. Three major conclusions can be drawn from our work in the presence of asset
market shocks. First, in the Nash equilibrium the ECB will adopt a less restrictive monetary policy
compared to the FEDâs behaviour. Second, comparing the Nash and Stackelberg non-cooperative
equilibria, the Stackelberg solution is certainly superior when the FED is the leader, but the Nash
solution is superior for the follower. Finally, irrespective of where the shocks originate, if the FED
would choose the Stackelberg leader equilibrium the ECB would minimize its social loss along with a
lower level of interest rates
The role and nature of market sentiment in the 1992 ERM crisis.
This paper attempts to explain the importance of the role of the speculators in determining the 1992
ERM crisis, and the effects that the policy of maintaining external parity had on internal growth. We
focus on a different way through which expectations are formed about the macroeconomic
fundamentals independently of the behaviour of the monetary policy. In the present model, agentsâ
rational beliefs do not emerge from arbitrary circumstances but only when the value of the exchange
rate, kept under control by the central bank, did not correspond to the expected value and to the current
wide-spread beliefs in the market
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Are currency crises self-fulfilling? The case of Argentina
This paper analyzes the 2002 Argentine crisis using the Jeanne and Masson (2000)
model with sunspots. Testing this model empirically through a Markov-switching model
suggests that self-sulfilling prophecies is a reasonable explanation for the devaluation of
the peso
Protecting the operation from general and residual errors by continuous dynamical decoupling
We study the occurrence of errors in a continuously decoupled two-qubit state
during a quantum operation under decoherence. We consider a
realization of this quantum gate based on the Heisenberg exchange interaction,
which alone suffices for achieving universal quantum computation. Furthermore,
we introduce a continuous-dynamical-decoupling scheme that commutes with the
Heisenberg Hamiltonian to protect it from the amplitude damping and dephasing
errors caused by the system-environment interaction. We consider two
error-protection settings. One protects the qubits from both amplitude damping
and dephasing errors. The other features the amplitude damping as a residual
error and protects the qubits from dephasing errors only. In both settings, we
investigate the interaction of qubits with common and independent environments
separately. We study how errors affect the entanglement and fidelity for
different environmental spectral densities.Comment: Extended version of arXiv:1005.1666. To appear in PR
Fine Grid Numerical Solutions of Triangular Cavity Flow
Numerical solutions of 2-D steady incompressible flow inside a triangular
cavity are presented. For the purpose of comparing our results with several
different triangular cavity studies with different triangle geometries, a
general triangle mapped onto a computational domain is considered. The
Navier-Stokes equations in general curvilinear coordinates in streamfunction
and vorticity formulation are numerically solved. Using a very fine grid mesh,
the triangular cavity flow is solved for high Reynolds numbers. The results are
compared with the numerical solutions found in the literature and also with
analytical solutions as well. Detailed results are presented
Cerebral plasticity in acute vestibular deficit
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of acute vestibular deficit on the cerebral cortex and its correlation with clinical signs and symptoms. Eight right-handed patients affected by vestibular neuritis, a purely peripheral vestibular lesion, underwent two brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 1 month. The first SPECT analysis revealed reduced blood flow in the temporal frontal area of the right hemisphere in seven of eight patients, independent of the right/left location of the lesion. The alteration was present always in the right, non-dominant hemisphere and was reversible in some patients 1 month after the onset, together with attenuation of signs and symptoms. It may be hypothesized that the transient reduction of cortical blood flow and subsequently of cortical activity in the non-dominant hemisphere, also the expression of cerebral plasticity, may serve as a defense mechanism aimed to attenuate the vertigo symptom
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